Planning your trip:

  1. Plan your route through the area.Different wilderness areas and parks will have a variety of options available to backcountry hikers, so consult park maps of the area to find the specific trails, or find some online by checking out the National Parks website. Typically, long hikes come in three styles, which you can pick based on the difficulty, the type of terrain, and the sights that you may want to see at your destination. The three basic types of backcountry hikes include:

    • Loop hikes, which follow a long circle that will allow you to end up back where you started.
    • Out and back hikes, during which you'll hike to a specific destination and then retrace your steps backward.
    • End to end hikes usually require leaving a car at both ends, or arranging pick-up at your eventual destination. This is only typically done for very long hikes that go through multiple areas.
  2. Be fairly conservative with your routes and schedule on your first trips.While you might want to jump right in and do something difficult, you'll need to consider the terrain, weather, and the experience and conditioning of your group when planning how many miles you will travel each day. Most trails are rated for difficulty, so you'll usually want to stick with anything at a level 1 or 2 for your first several hikes. They'll be challenging enough.

    • Novices and weekend warriors should plan on hiking no more than 6-12 miles (9.7-19.3 km) per day of a given hike. In relatively tough terrain, that'll be more than enough.
    • Experienced hikers in good shape can sometimes do 10-25 miles (16-40 km) per day, depending on terrain, but it's usually best to not push it.
  3. Check to see if your destination requires permits or other advance preparation.If you're camping on public land, there will typically be a small fee associated with coming into the park itself, and another fee associated with camping. They're usually pretty small, and you can get away with no more than $15 dollars or so a night, depending on the season.

    • At most parks, you'll have to display a permit on your car while you hike, and something on your tent, or bag, as well. The local regulations will be explained to you when you check in to the ranger's office upon your arrival.
    • Most National Parks and other public lands will also have guidelines specific to their environments, at the time of year you're camping. For example, Yosemite National Park requires the use of bear-proof canisters for food.
  4. Find out local fire regulations.Campfires are great, so long as they're legal. Many areas prohibit fires during dry periods. At other times, they may only be allowed in specific locations, typically fire rings located at campsites. In some places a separate campfire permit is required to use a backcountry cooking stove.

    • Never, ever, leave a fire unattended. Do not light a fire unless you have enough water available to extinguish it thoroughly. As a precaution, clear a 15-foot (~5m) circular area around your fire, to prevent the wind from igniting any materials outside of your fire pit.
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